应用现代生物技术防治番木瓜RNA病毒研究进展

The Advances and Prospects of Using Modern Biotechnology to Control Papaya RNA Virus

植物病毒几乎都是RNA病毒,所占比例达93.9%,以番木瓜环斑病毒(papaya ringspot virus,PRSV)和番木瓜畸叶嵌纹病毒(papaya leaf-distortion mosaic virus,PLDMV)为代表的RNA病毒是番木瓜生产上的最大限制因子,不抗病的品种几乎绝产。在物理和化学防治措施效果不佳与抗性品种缺乏的情况下,现代生物技术方法被引入番木瓜的防治工作,并取得可喜的成绩。迄今为止,被实际应用的番木瓜抗病毒基因都是来自其病毒本身的基因,这类转基因番木瓜的抗病行为主要是由RNA所诱导的后转录基因沉默(RNAmediated post-transcriptional gene silencing,PTGS)所致,亦即RNA干扰。本研究综述了现代生物技术在防治番木瓜RNA病毒上的主要成果和问题,并展望了利用最新CRISPR技术防治番木瓜RNA病毒的策略。

Plant viruses are almost RNA viruses, the proportion up to 93.9%. The RNA virus, represented by Papaya ringspot virus（PRSV） and Papaya leaf-distortion mosaic virus（PLDMV）, is the largest limiting factor in the production of papaya that eventually wiped out papaya from farm. When the physical and chemical control measures are ineffective, nor resistant varieties are rarely to see, the modern biotechnology methods are introduced into the prevention and management of the two disease. The methods proved to be positive improvement. So far,the papaya antiviral genes have been applied from the virus itself, and the resistance are mainly from RNA interference（PTGS）. This paper reviewed the modern biotechnology in aim at PRSV and PLDMV resistance,the major achievements and problems, and it＇s future direction by developing the latest CRISPR technology.