基于POD同工酶的青藏高原三江源区鹅观草属种质遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity of Roegneria Based on POD Isozyme in the Three River Source Region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

对采集自青藏高原三江源自然保护区的玉树鹅观草(Roegneria yushuensis)、短柄鹅观草(Roegneria brevipes Keng)、曲芒异芒草(Roegneria abolinii var.divaricans Nevski)、紫穂鹅观草(Roegneria purpurascens Keng)、毛穂鹅观草(Roegneria trichospicula)、肃草(Roegneria stricta Keng)等鹅观草属6个野生种10个居群进行过氧化物同工酶(POD)谱带特征分析,并以欧氏距离为遗传参数进行聚类分析,以揭示青藏高原三江源地区鹅观草属植物的遗传多样性,为鹅观草属野生牧草资源的开发利用和新品种选育提供理论依据。结果表明:青藏高原三江源地区鹅观草属植物遗传多样性丰富,不同种间POD同工酶酶谱特征及相似程度上均有一定差异,主要表现在酶带迁移率和酶带的活性上,据此可以区分不同种质的差异。同一物种的不同居群间酶谱既具有较稳定的相似性,有的具有细微差异。10份鹅观草属种质资源在相似系数为0.48的水平上可以聚为三类,大部分地理区域临近的种质材料可以聚类在一起。

The per oxidase isozyme for 10 populations of six wild species of Roegneria genus in the three river region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which were Roegneria yushuensis, R. brevipes Keng, R. abolinii var. divaricans Nevski, R. trichospicula, R. purpurascens Keng and R. stricta Keng were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method and duple wave scanning characteristics of POD isozyme, and heretic parametres were obtained using cluster analysis by eucledean distances. The results showed that the genetic diversity was quite rich in Roegneria genus in the three river region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; there were differences in POD zymograms of different R. species, as manifested by enzyme bands＇ amount, relative mobility and activity; the zymogram of the same species in different populations has a stable of similarity, while some have subtle differences. The clustering analysis showed that 10 germplasm resources of Roegneria could be classified into three major categories in the level with the similarity coefficient 0.48, and most of germplasm resources which were from nearing geographical regions could be clustered together.