“欧尔班现象”初探

A Preliminary review of Orban's Phenomenon

欧尔班领导的青民盟在2010年、2014年两次大选中胜出,执政期间,欧尔班政府的多项法案被认为是匈牙利出现民主倒退迹象的表现。在对内政策上,欧尔班政府的税收政策、对养老金和能源企业的国有化以及对水电气费用的管制被认为是对市场的过度干预;在对外关系上,欧尔班当局加强与俄罗斯、中国等国家的关系,与欧盟就难民等问题发生冲突。这种"欧尔班现象"是匈牙利历史文化、国内政治生态、执政党的意识形态、政治领袖世界观和外部环境共同作用的结果。

Mr. Orban＇s Fidesz won two general elections in 2010 and 2014 respectively.Since then many amendments of laws, which made by Mr Orban, were seen as a sign of democratic backsliding in Hungary.In terms of internal policy, the government＇s tax policies, the nationalization of pension and energy companies, and the control of water and electricity prices are considered as excessive intervention in the market. In terms of external relations, the Orban＇s government has intensified their relations with Russia and China, clashing with the European Union on refugees and other issues. This ＂Orban phenomenon＂ is the combination of various factors such as Hungarian historical culture, domestic political ecology, Fidesz＇s ideology, world outlook of political leader and external environment.