黄酮类化合物调控肿瘤细胞自噬的研究进展

Advances in studies on flavonoids regulating autophagy in tumor cell lines

自噬是一种保守的细胞自我降解方式,是将受损细胞器或大分子物质由自噬泡包绕再通过自噬溶酶体降解再利用的过程。自噬在细胞的生物合成、营养和代谢平衡及应激与存活中具有重要作用。调控自噬能够引发多重级联反应,可以应用于肿瘤治疗。黄酮类化合物作用于不同的肿瘤细胞系会诱导作用各异的自噬。黄酮类化合物可以诱导自噬通过非凋亡或非典型凋亡途径较为直接地抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,也可以在诱导自噬后进一步引发凋亡等其他致死方式间接抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,或通过抑制保护性自噬从而强化其他形式的杀伤作用,但有时也会诱导肿瘤细胞发生保护性自噬,弱化细胞杀伤作用。对近10年来黄酮类化合物调控肿瘤细胞自噬的研究进展进行了综述,为中药调控细胞自噬的相关研究提供参考。

Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved method in cell self-degradation and metabolism progress. Generally speaking, autophagy contains the steps of phagophore devouring none-essential or damaged organelles, lysosome-mediated degradation and reusing of contents in autophagosome. Autophagy plays a significant role in cellular biosynthesis, nutritional and metabolic balance, stress responses and cell survival. Regulating autophagy can induce multiple cascade reactions, which could be a kind of promising tumor therapy. Different flavonoids could induce different roles of autophagy, when they act on different tumor cell lines. Flavonoids can induce non-apoptosis or non-typical apoptosis related inhibitory autophagy to suppress tumor cells proliferation directly, and induce apoptosis or other lethal pathways after induction of autophagy to indirectly inhibit tumor cells proliferation. Flavonoids can also suppress protective autophagy to strengthen other lethal pathways, but sometimes induce protective autophagy which would weaken the cytotoxic effect. This paper reviews the advances in studies on flavonoids regulating autophagy in the last 10 years, in order to provide reference for the further study on the regulation of autophagy by traditional Chinese Medicine.