紧凑型爆磁换能电脉冲源设计及实验

Design and Experiment of Compact Explosively Driven Ferromagnetic Generator

针对爆磁压缩发生器用种子电源,设计了一种紧凑型爆磁换能电脉冲源。通过建立磁体爆磁换能的磁电转化模型,研究了爆磁换能电脉冲源的工作机理和作用过程。对紧凑型爆磁换能脉冲源中开路磁体的静磁场进行了解析计算和数值模拟,得出了磁体截面磁通量的计算方法,为脉冲源的设计提供了理论参考。对不同磁体材料和起爆方式的脉冲源进行了实验研究,得到了脉冲源的输出感应电动势、输出电流及负载电压曲线。结果表明:N35爆磁换能电脉冲源(双端起爆)在1.2μH的电感负载上输出了1 100 A的脉冲电流;采用高性能磁体材料可在负载上获得更高的输出电流及能量参数;单端起爆能量转化效率η_t≮14.6%,双端起爆能量转化效率η_t≮24.4%;爆磁换能电脉冲源仅适合于驱动较低阻抗的负载,作为螺线管型爆磁压缩发生器的种子电流时选择间接馈电方式更加合理。

A compact explosively driven ferromagnetic generator for explosive magnetic flux compression generators was developed.Its working principle and process are analyzed by establishing a magnetoelectric transformation model.The static magnetic field of open magnet in the electrical source is analytically calculated and numerically simulated.The calculation method of magnetic flux of magnet section is presented,and a design method of pulse source is provided.The pulse sources of different magnet materials and detonation method are test.The results show that the N35 explosively driven ferromagnetic electrical source（double-ended detonation） outputs 1 100 A pulse current at 1.2 μH inductive load; higher output current and energy parameters in the load could be obtained by using high-performance magnet material; the energy conversion efficiencies of single-ended detonation and double-ended detonation are η_t≮14.6% and η_t≮24.4%,respectively; the explosively driven ferromagnetic generator is only suitable for driving a lower impedance load,and the indirect feed mode is more reasonable when it is used for HMFCG＇ initial energy source.