区域资源禀赋、成本约束与农业生产效率测度

Regional Resource Endowment、Cost constraints and Measure of Agriculture Productivity Efficiency

农业是我国基础产业,是保障粮食安全和经济发展的根本。根据经济发展战略要求和区域资源禀赋,合理发展区域农业,提升农业对区域资源使用效率和区域资源产业配置效益,形成区域农业高效发展和资源最优配置,是区域经济发展战略的重要内容。在柯布道格拉斯生产函数的基础上,利用随机前沿技术效率测度、产业投入产出分析、偏离-份额分析,构建农业产业生产效率的测度模型,探索地区农业产出的技术效率、资源利用效率和使用效率,为农业生产和区域资源配置提供参考。结果表明,大部分区域农业产出与资源禀赋未形成最佳匹配,应在大力提高农业对区域内资本资源、政府服务资源和劳动力资源使用效率的同时,鼓励过剩的资源在产业间和区域间进行适度转移,从低使用效益产业转移到高使用效益产业,从低产出弹性区域转移到高产出弹性效益区域。

Agricuhure is the basic industries in our country, also is the basic safeguard for food security and eco- nomic development . According to the requirement of economic development strategy, developing effective regional agriculture, increasing efficiency of agricultural output, improving efficiency of resource use, promoting transferring of agriculture and resource between regions, forming efficient development of agricultural areas and optimal allocation of resource, is the important content of the regional economic development strategy. On the basis of Cobb-Douglas production function , using cutting-edge Technical efficiency measurement, industrial input-output analysis, shift-share analysis, construct the efficient measure of agricultural production, according to industry production cost function measure rationality of industrial structure in different regions, and explore the goal and direction of industrial structure optimization. Results show that, the most regional resource endowment and level of agricultural development has not formed the best match. Improving efficient use of resources for agricultural capital resources within the region, government services and labor, at the same time, encouraging surplus resources transferring between industries and regions moderate , transfer of industry from the use of low efficiency to high efficiency, elasticity of the elastic region from low output to high output.