矿井火灾逃生路径规划及其三维仿真研究

Study on route planning and 3D simulation of escape from mine fire

为研究矿井火灾中受风流变化和烟流蔓延影响的人员逃生路径规划问题,构建火灾时期人员逃生三维仿真模型。首先,建立巷道网络三维结构模型,作为展示平台;其次,基于通风网络解算模型与烟流蔓延参数模型,解算巷道网络中的风速风向、火灾温度和烟气质量分数;然后,确定矿井火灾巷道当量长度的影响系数,并依据火灾逃生路径规划算法得到人员逃生路径规划结果;最后,以国内某矿山为例,对火灾时期人员逃生进行三维仿真。仿真结果表明:依据矿井火灾情况的不同,可以掌握火灾时期的风速风向、火灾温度和烟气质量分数等参数,得到理想、可行和紧急等3种类型的逃生路径。

To study the escape-route planning under the influence of air flow and fume in mine fire,a3 D simulation model for personnel escape in mine fire was built. Firstly,a three-dimensional structure model of roadway network was built as a display platform. Secondly,the wind speed and direction,as well as the spread of fire temperature and smoke mass fraction during the mine fire were calculated,based on the ventilation network calculation model and the fume spread parameter model. To obtain the personnel escape route results, influence coefficients of factors, including slope, wind speed and direction,temperature,and smoke,on the equivalent length of tunnel were determined,and a fire escape path planning algorithm was applied. Finally,a three-dimensional simulation of personnel escape during mine fire was conducted in a certain mine in China. According to the different situations of mine fire,three reasonable escape routes,i. e. ideal,available and emergency escape routes,were obtained through the simulation demonstration.