超越《康熙字典》,开启《中华大字典》——清末民初中、韩《新字典》价值和意义

Beyonding Kangxi Dictionary,Opening Great Chinese Dictionary——The Value and Siginificance of Chinese and Kroean New Dictionaries in Late Qing and Early Republic Period

中国、韩国朝鲜时期均于20世纪初先后出版过《新字典》,两国的《新字典》编者不同,但均称该书是以《康熙字典》为基础,同时在新字、新义等的收录方面亦有首创之功,故命名为《新字典》。然而,笔者发现,其实中、韩两国《新字典》之间存在着相互传承借鉴的关系·韩国朝鲜时期《新字典》在很大程度上借鉴了中国此前的两部被冠以“新字典”的辞书,而中国的两部“新字典”又因《中华大字典》的后来居上而鲜有学者关注。本文将对中、韩先后出版的三部辞书《新字典》（1912）、《中华新字典》（1912）、《新字典》（1915）进行对比研究。特别是对其所收录的新字、新义等内容进行比较研究,试图通过缕清这三部辞书间的借鉴传承关系,从而更清晰地勾画出近代东亚对于一些新概念、新术语的传播途径与历史。

Chinese and Kroean scholars had compiled and published a dictionary, called New Dictionary, in the early 20th century. The both of them said that the dictionary was on the base of Kangxi Dicitonary and initated to include the new characters and concepts of Chinese language. Be- cause of what the dictionaries achieved, so they named the dictionary New Dictionary. However, we found that the Kroean New Dictionary has referred to the Chinese New Dictionary. Unfortunatly the two dictionaries compiled by Chinese scholars was not as popular and famous as expected because of the publishment of Great Chinese Dictionary. This article will contrast three dictionaries New Dictionary （1912）, Chinese New Dictionary （1912） and New Dictionary （1915）, especially forcusing on the new characters and concepts in the dictionaries, trying to find out the reiationaship of three dictionaries and picture the history and the route of transmisson of new concepts and terms in East Asia.