摘要
目的描述一起学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情,找出暴发原因,有针对性地采取防控措施。方法搜索病例,采用描述流行病学方法分析暴发疫情,采集该校健康学生血标本检测自然感染情况。结果该起暴发疫情共搜索病例232例,首发病例发生于2015年9月15日、最后一例出现在2016年1月17日,总罹患率7.88%,高年级(9年级)的罹患率(2.78%)低于低年级(7年级,12.47%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=68.67,P<0.01);生源地不同罹患率也不同,以新入学学生罹患率(13.68%)较高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=109.47,P<0.01),健康人群Ig G抗体阳性率原校学生明显高于新入校学生(χ2=14.02,P<0.01)。结论学生普遍缺乏免疫力、疫情报告不及时、干预措施不到位和偏远山区自然感染率低,可能成为导致本次疫情暴发的主要原因;建议及早发现病例,严格按照要求隔离治疗,做好疫情监测工作,防止类似事件的发生。
Objective To describe an outbreak of mumps in a school, find out the reason for the outbreak and take control and preventive measures. Methods All mumps cases were searched and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Blood samples were collected from healthy students for natural infection test. Results Total 232 mumps cases were confirmed in this outbreak, the first case occurred in September 15, 2015 and the last one in January 17, 2016. The total attack rate was 7.88%,and there was statistical difference（χ2=68.67, P〈0.01） between high grade（Grade 9, 2.78%） and low grade（Grade 7,12.47%）. The attack rate was different in the students from various places and higher in the new students（13.68%） with statistic difference（χ2=109.47, P〈0.01）. The positive rate of Ig G was higher in the old students than in the new students with statistic difference（χ2=14.02, P〈0.01）. Conclusions The lack of immunity from mumps, epidemic report delaying, non-execution of intervention measures and low infection rate in the students from remote mountain area are the main reasons for this mumps outbreak. Early detection, early quarantine, and early treatment are suggested and the epidemic surveillance should be promoted to avoid the same epidemic outbreak.
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2017年第6期9-11,16,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
