试论20世纪70年代美国经济地位——以东京回合为例

Discussion on the Economic Status of the United States in the 1970s——In case of the Tokyo Round

1948年1月1日关贸总协定正式宣布生效,这代表着美国建立起有利于本国的战后经济体系。但是20世纪70年代国际贸易的局势风云突变,欧共体与日本的迅速崛起,美元危机的爆发使得原本"一言九鼎"的美国为了国家利益不得不和日、欧在关贸总协定中的"东京回合"(1973-1979)进行激烈的贸易谈判。从关贸总协定的建立入手,分析美国建立关贸总协定的目的与意义,同时分析了日本、欧共体在70年代迅速崛起的原因及美国做出的反应。最后对"东京回合"的影响做了归纳总结。

on January 1, 1948, the general agreement on Tariffs and Trade was officially announced, which represented the establishment of the post-war economic system in the United States. But the situation of the mutation of international trade in the 1970 s waschallenged by the rapid rise of the EU and Japan. Because of negative results of Dollar crisis, the United States had to engage in intense trade negotiations with Japan and Europe in the ＂ Tokyo Round＂ of GATT （1973-1979） for the sake of national interest. Fromthe establishment of the general agreement on tariffs and trade （GATT）, analysis the purpose and significance of the GATT. Japan andthe European Union are analyzed and the cause of the rapid rise in the 70 s and the response of the United States. Finally, the influence of the ＂ Tokyo round＂ was summarized.摇 摇摇 摇 Abstract：on January 1, 1948, the general agreement on Tariffs and Trade was officially announced, which represented the establishment of the post-war economic system in the United States. But the situation of the mutation of international trade in the 1970 s waschallenged by the rapid rise of the EU and Japan. Because of negative results of Dollar crisis, the United States had to engage in intense trade negotiations with Japan and Europe in the ＂ Tokyo Round＂ of GATT （1973-1979） for the sake of national interest. Fromthe establishment of the general agreement on tariffs and trade （GATT）, analysis the purpose and significance of the GATT. Japan andthe European Union are analyzed and the cause of the rapid rise in the 70 s and the response of the United States. Finally, the influence of the ＂ Tokyo round＂ was summarized.