略论纳西族民歌类别及艺术特色

On the Categories and Artistic Features of Naxi People 's Folk Songs

纳西族民歌从艺术体裁来分,可以分为叙事歌、短歌、山歌、田歌、小调,按其内容可分为劳动歌、习俗歌、山歌、情歌、丧歌、儿歌、小调等。从纳西族民歌风格上看,西部方言区的民歌多悲怨哀伤婉约含蓄,东部方言区纳日人的民歌则奔放明朗,粗犷热情;东西两个方言区的民歌分别受到东巴教、达巴教的深层影响,尤其是唱腔较为突出;借字谐音的"增苴"手法,以及衬字、衬词、装饰音在民歌中的使用较为频繁;"作罗"是纳西族民歌中唱奏长音的特殊技法,"若罗扣"是民歌中特殊的润腔方式。

Naxi folk songs from the artistic genre to points, can be divided into narrative songs, short songs, folk songs, labor songs, minor, according to their content can be divided into labor songs, custom songs, folk songs, love songs, funeral songs, children＇s songs, minor and so on. From the Naxi folk song style point of view, the western dialect of the folk songs more sad and graceful subtle, eastern dialect area of the Nari folk songs are unrestrained bright, rough enthusiasm; The folk songs of the two dialect areas are influenced by the Dongba and Daba, especially the singing. The use of “Zei jju”word tactics, metaphor in the use of folk songs more frequently; ＂ZuoLuo＂ is the Naxi folk songs in the singing of the long tone of the special techniques, ＂Ruoluokou ＂ is a special way of moisten the throat in folk songs.