不同栽培因素对玉米生育期土壤水分及籽粒产量的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Factors on Soil Water Content and Grain Yield during Growth Period of Maize

采用大田试验,对比分析了不同栽培因素(品种、密度、氮肥、覆膜、补灌)对玉米生育期内土壤水分及产量的影响。结果表明,适量高密度的栽培方式减少了土壤表层水分的散失;耕地覆膜处理可以有效地改善作物生长的水分条件,玉米籽粒灌浆期耗水量最大,土壤含水量相对其他时期较低;玉米整个生育期土壤水分含量均有下渗的现象,深土层的土壤水分含量较高;适量高密度种植富友9号玉米,并且配施适量的氮肥,有利于玉米产量的提高。

The field experiment was adopted to compare and analyze the effects of different cultivation factors（variety, density,nitrogen fertilizer, plastic film mulching and supplementary irrigation）on soil moisture and yield during the growth period of maize. The results showed that, appropriate amount of high density cultivation method could reduce soil surface moisture loss. Mulch film treatment could effectively improve the water conditions of crop growth. The water consumption of maize grain filling stage was the highest, and the soil water content was lower than other periods. The soil water content was characterized by infiltration during the whole growth period of maize, the soil moisture content in the deep soil layer was higher. It could increase the yield of maize that Fuyou 9 was planted to use the amount of high density and applied amount of nitrogen fertilizer.