有道不动心——王船山的“知言养气”论

Tao,so Keeping Mind still——WANG Chuanshan's Theory of "Knowing Speech and Nourishing the Spirit"

王船山诠释孟子的"知言养气"章,认为北宫黝、孟施舍、告子等人都是"不动心有道",而孔、孟圣学是"有道不动心"。孟子以持志为本,集义养气、学诲知言而至义精仁熟,自然"不动心",告子等人是在"不动心"上下功夫,而孟子"不动心"是自致的功效。在"心气不二"的气本论前提下,王船山将孟子的持志、集义、养气、知言贯通为一,彰显出孟子心性之学的气学特征。

By interpreting the chapter " Knowing Speech and Nourishing the Spirit" of Mencius,WANG Chuanshan thinks that Gaozi holds the view of " keeping mind still with Tao",but Mencius holds the view of " Tao,so keeping mind still".Under the premise of the ontology of Qi(气),WANG Chuanshan combines "clinging to ambition", "accumulation of righteousness", "nourishing the spirit" and " knowing speech" into an organic whole,revealing the Qi(气)characteristic of the mentality theory of Mencius.