1American Diabetes Association. Diabetic nephropathy: Position statement, American Diabetes Association. Diabetes care, 1998, 21: 50.
2Imperatore G. Hanson RL. Pettitt DJ. Sib-pair linkage analysis for susceptibilitygenes for microvascular complications among pima lndians with type 2 diabetes [J]. Diabetes, 1998, 47(5):821.
4Zhang L, Wang F, Wang L, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross- sectional survey [ J]. Lancet, 2012, 379 (9818): 815-822.
5Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA disease in the United States [J] - 2047. et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney JAMA, 2007, 298 (17): 2038.
6Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, et al. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group [J]. Ann Intern Med, 1999, 130 (6) : 461 -470.
7Ma YC, Zuo L, Chen JH, et al. Modied glomerular titration rate estimating equation for Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease [J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2006, 17 (10) : 2937 -2944.
8National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI[ clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification [J]. Am J Kidney Dis, 2002, 39 (2 Suppl 1) : S1 -266.
9Wang T, Bi Y, Xu M, et al. Serum uric acid associates with the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort of middle - aged and elderly Chinese [J]. Endocrine, 2011, 40 (1): 109 -116.
10Lea JP. Metabolic syndrome, CKD progression, and death: the good, the bad, and the ugly [J]. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2013, 8 (6): 893-895.