沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的分析方法及污染特征研究进展

A review of analytical methods and pollution characteristics of phthalic acid esters in sediments

综述了近年来国内外有关河湖沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质(PAEs)的分析方法和污染特征研究进展。详细阐述了索氏提取法、超声提取法、微波辅助萃取法、加速溶剂萃取法及被动采样技术等沉积物PAEs前处理方法,柱层析法、固相萃取法2种净化方法和气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱、气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱、高效液相色谱等仪器分析方法,并对比分析了上述方法的优缺点,以期为更高效提取河湖沉积物中PAEs提供参考依据;同时总结了近年来国内外河湖沉积物中PAEs污染特征的研究进展,相比欧美等发达国家,我国沉积物PAEs污染较严重,潜在生态风险较高,主要污染物为DBP和DEHP等。

The analytical methods and pollution characteristics of phthalic acid esters（ PAEs） in sediments of water bodies both at home and abroad were reviewed. The pretreatment methods, including Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound extraction, microwave assisted extraction, accelerated solvent extraction, passive sampling techniques, etc., two clean-up methods, i. e. column chromatography, and solid phase extraction, and several instrumental analysis methods, including gas chromatography, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography were illustrated extensively, and their advantages and disadvantages compared. The analysis could provide the references for more efficient PAEs extraction and analysis. Also, the PAEs pollution characteristics of river and lake sediment both at home and abroad in recent years were summarized. Compared with Europe, the United States and other developed countries,China＇s PAEs pollution in sediments was more seriously, which had the higher potential ecological risk, and the main pollutants were DBP, DEHP, etc.