黄芩甙对油酸致急性呼吸窘迫综合征大鼠血液流变学的影响

Effects of baicalin on the changes in hemorheology of acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats

目的探讨黄芩甙对油酸致急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）大鼠血液流变学的影响。方法将健康成年雄性SD大鼠126只，随机分为对照组、ARDS模型组和黄芩甙治疗组（300 mg/kg），每组42只，各组根据观察时间不同再分为30 min及1、2、3、6、12、24 h共7个亚组，每亚组6只。ARDS模型组和黄芩甙治疗组经股静脉注射油酸（0.12 ml/kg）建立ARDS模型，黄芩甙治疗组同时腹腔注射黄芩甙溶液；在注射油酸后30 min及1、2、3、6、12、24 h，分别插管至腹主动脉采集动脉血进行动脉血气分析、血常规检查和血液流变学指标检测。结果ARDS模型组大鼠在注射油酸后30 min，动脉氧分压和氧合指数开始下降，氧合指数最低值平均为178 mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），达到中度ARDS的诊断标准（〈200 mm Hg）。黄芩甙治疗组的氧分压和氧合指数低于模型组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；与对照组比较，模型组和治疗组血液pH值均明显降低，差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.05），但模型组降低的幅度更大、持续时间更长。在各时间点模型组的红细胞压积均明显升高，在2、3、6、12 h与対照组和治疗组的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01或0.05），血小板在30 min、1、2、3 h均明显降低，与対照组和治疗组的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01或0.05）；治疗组的红细胞压积和血小板指标与对照组差异较小，差异无统计学意义。模型组的全血黏度、血浆黏度较对照组明显升高（P〈0.01），红细胞最大变形指数明显降低（P〈0.01）；治疗组与模型组有相同的变化趋势，但程度明显减轻（P〈0.01）。结论ARDS时存在明显的血液流变学异常，黄芩甙可以通过降低血浆黏度、降低红细胞压积、提高红细胞变形性等几个方面使血液黏度降低，从而达到改善微循环、缓解低氧血症的目的。

Objective To investigate the effect of baicalin on the changes in hemorheology and its mechanism during the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome （ARDS） induced by oleic acid （OA） in rats. Methods Rats were randomized into 3 groups： control, ARDS （OA induction, 0.12 mg/kg） and baiealin- treated group （300 mg/kg）. The blood samples were collected at 30 rain, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 6 h after OA injection. The whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, Maximum erythrocyte deformability index （DImax） were detected. Meanwhile, blood gas analysis and Routine blood test were also performed. Results The level of arterial oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index decreased （P〈0.01 vs. control） and oxygenation index （178 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa） reached the diagnostic standard of ARDS at 2 h in ARDS group. In baicalin-treated group, the level of arterial oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index increased versus the ARDS group. The platelet count （PLT） decreased in baicalin-treated and ARDS groups. Compared with the ARDS group, the level of PLT increased significantly in baiealin-treated group at 30min, 1, 2, and 3 h. Hematocrit （HCT） increased in baiealin-treated and ARDS groups. Compared with the ARDS group, the level of HCT decreased significantly in baicalin-treated group at 2, 3, 6 and 12 h. Meanwhile, all the index of hemorheology improved in baicalin- treated group. Conclusion Baicalin may improve hypoxemia of ARDS induced by OA in rats. It may be due to the Improvement of microcirculation of lung.