GBZ／T229．2-2010《工作场所职业病危害作业分级第2部分：化学物》的应用调查

Investigation on the application of GBZ/T 229.2-2010 classification of occupational hazards at workplaces Part 2： occupational exposure to chemicals

目的对GBZ/T 229.2-2010《工作场所职业病危害作业分级第2部分：化学物》（以下简称GBZ/T 229.2-2010）实施情况进行调查，全面评价GBZ/T 229.2-2010的效果，探讨其适用性，为开展下一步标准修订工作提供依据。方法开展2轮调查，包括一般调查和重点调查。分别使用Excel 2010和Epidata 3.1软件建立数据库并进行录入，用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果一般调查共收回问卷100份，其中应用GBZ/T 229.2-2010较多的前3位工作分别是建设项目职业病危害评价（65.0%）、讲课/培训（50.0%）、职业病危害因素检测（43.0%）。操作性评价结果显示：第四部分分级、第五部分分级管理原则、附录A正确使用说明的分值分别为3.4、3.3、3.5。重点调查共收回问卷27份，用人单位职业卫生管理人员对GBZ/T 229.2-2010知晓率是72.2%。化学物的危害程度级别的权重数取值、职业接触比值、体力劳动强度级别权重数、有毒作业分级表、分级管理原则和附录A＂正确使用说明＂的可操作性的操作性评价分值分别为3.2、3.7、4.3、4.1、3.2、3.2。结论GBZ/T 229.2-2010各部分的操作性较强。但仍存在工作场所存在多种化学物如何分级、工作场所接触化学物与其他职业性有害因素的相互作用等问题等。建议标准在下一步修订时考虑化学物的行动水平等情况。

Objective To investigate the application and effectiveness evaluation of the standard of GBZ/T 229.2-2010 in practice, and to explore the applicability, aiming to provide technical evidence for the re-vision of GBZ/T 229.2-2010.Methods There were 2 questionnaire surveys carried out in the study, including general survey and specific survey. Databases were established and data were input with Excel 2010 and Epi-data version 3.1 software. SPSS version 19.0 software was used for data cleaning and statistical analysis.Results In total, the general survey received 100 questionnaires, with 59 from occupational health technical ser-vice organizations held by government, and 11 from colleges and universities. The leading three jobs using GBZ/T 229.2-2010 were the occupational hazards evaluation for constructive project （65.0%）, lecturing/train-ing （50.0%）, occupational hazards monitoring （43.0%）, respectively. In the results of feasibility, scores of the fourth part ＂classification＂ , the fifth part ＂the principles of classification management＂ , annex A ＂the correct use instructions＂ were 3.4, 3.3, 3.5 respectively. In total, the specific survey received 27 questionnaires, with 18 from the employers and 9 from occupational health technical service organizations. The awareness rate of GBZ/T 229.2-2010 among occupational health professionals was 72.2%. In the results of feasibility, scores of the level of chemical hazards, occupational exposure ratio, physical labor intensity level, classification of expo-sure to industrial toxicants, principles of classification management, annex A ＂the correct use instructions＂ were 3.2, 3.7, 4.3, 4.1, 3.2, 3.2, respectively.Conclusions The results indicates that each part of GBZ/T 229.2-2010 is feasible and practical. But there are still some problems, such as classification of different kinds of chemicals at workplace, and the interaction of occupational exposure to chemicals and other hazards at work-place, etc. We suggest that in the revision of GBZ/T 229.2-2010, the action level of hazards should be clear.