PM2.5暴露水平对儿童血液碱性磷酸酶、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β水平影响

Effects of PM2.5 exposure on alkaline phosphatase,tumor necrosis factor-α,Interleukin-1β in children

目的探讨大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)暴露水平对儿童血液AKP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平的影响。方法 2016年4月-2017年4月不同地区(城区、农村和山区)幼儿园学龄前儿童各45例作为观察对象。对3组血液AKP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平进行检测,并与PM2.5暴露水平进行相关性分析。结果 3组PM2.5暴露水平比较,城区组显著高于农村组和山区组;农村组与山区组差异无统计学意义(t=1.21,P>0.05);3组肺功能比较,城区组显著低于农村组和山区组(t值为7.85~10.50,P<0.01);血液AKP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平城区组均显著高于农村组和山区组(P<0.01);血液AKP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平与PM2.5暴露水平呈正相关(r值分别为0.66、0.68、0.63,P<0.01)。结论 PM2.5暴露可使儿童血液AKP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平显著升高,血液AKP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平能反映PM2.5暴露水平。

Objective To investigate the effects of exposure of atmospheric fine particulate matter（ PM2. 5） on the level of alkaline phosphatase（ AKP）,tumor necrosis factor-α（ TNF-α）,Interleukin-1β（ IL-1β） in blood in children. Methods 45 preschool children in different areas（ urban,rural,and mountainous） were collected as the research objects from April 2016 to April 2017. And the levels of AKP,TNF-α and IL-1β in the blood were detected in the 3 groups,and then its correlation with the exposure of PM2. 5 were analyzed. Results The PM2. 5 exposure levels of the 3 groups were compared,and that in the urban group was significantly higher than the rural group and the mountain group; but the difference between the rural group and the mountain group was not statistically significant（ t = 1. 21,P 〉 0. 05）; the lung function of the 3 groups was compared,and that of the urban group was significantly lower than the rural group and the mountain group（ t = 7. 85-10. 50,P 〈 0. 01）; the levels of AKP,TNF-α and IL-1β in the urban group were significantly higher than those in the rural group and the mountain group（ P 〈 0. 01）; the concentrations of AKP,TNF-α and IL-1β in the blood were positively correlated with the exposure of PM2. 5（ r =0. 66,r = 0. 68,r = 0. 63,P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusion The exposure of PM2. 5 can significantly increase the levels of AKP,TNF-α and IL-1β in blood,which can also reflect the exposure of PM2. 5.