宅基地使用权确权对不同区域农户宅基地流转意愿的影响研究——基于湖北省361份农户的调查

Study on the Effects of Rural Residential Land Use Rights Registration on the Households' Willingness to Rural Residential Land Transfer in Different Regions: A Case Study of 361 Rural Households' Survey in Hubei Province

研究目的:以湖北省武汉市、仙桃市和恩施市的近郊农村、远郊纯农村和远郊风景秀丽农村361份农户调查数据为基础,考察确权对农户宅基地使用权流转意愿的影响,以期为客观评价确权政策的实施绩效提供一定的理论依据和经验支持。研究方法:描述性统计分析方法和Probit模型。研究结果:(1)确权前、后农户宅基地使用权流转意愿有明显变化。近郊农村、远郊纯农村和远郊风景秀丽农村愿意进行流转的农户比例分别从确权前的54.2%、58.74%和41.38%提高到确权后的91.6%、67.83%和59.77%。(2)农户的经济收益预期、住房保障预期及确权政策对其宅基地流转意愿具有显著的正向影响,但在三类农村中的显著性水平存在一定差异。(3)农户的非农就业状况和宅基地拥有状况对三类农村农户宅基地流转意愿的影响也具有差别性。(4)地方政府的有序组织和企业的参与在近郊农村和远郊纯农村对增强农户宅基地流转意愿具有积极的现实意义。研究结论:应根据农村自然地理和经济区位条件等的差异,兼顾农户的经济收益预期和住房保障预期,制定城市近郊农村、远郊纯农村和远郊风景秀丽农村差别性的宅基地使用权确权和流转管理政策。

Based on the 361 rural households＇ survey data from Wuhan, Xiantao and Enshi cities in Hubei province, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of rural residential land use right registration on the households＇ willingness to rural residential land transfer, providing a theoretical support and empirical evidence for assessing the performance of registration policy. Methods of descriptive statistical analysis and Probit were used in the paper. The research results are as follows. Firstly, the rural households＇ willingness to transfer rural residential land were different before and after rural residential land use right registration. The ratio of rural households that were willing to transfer the rural residential land in suburban area, exurban area and scenic spot of remote area were 54.2 percent, 58.74 percent and 41.38 percent, respectively before the registration, while after the registration, the ratio increased to 91.6 percent, 67.83 percent and 59.77 percent, respectively. Secondly, the expectations of economic revenue and housing security after the transfer and the policy of registration are the distinctive factors that affect the rural households＇ willingness to transfer residential land at present. However, the significance levels in the three rural areas are different. Thirdly, the off-farm employment of rural households and the amount of residential land are also two important factors that affect the households＇ willingness, the effects of which are also different in the three regions. At last, the participation of local government and enterprises can promote the rural residential land transfer in suburban area and exurban area. In conclusion, according to the diversity of geological conditions and economic locations, the policies of rural residential land use right registration and transfer should be different in suburban area, exurban area and scenic spots of remote rural area, considering the different economic revenue and housing expectation.