低磷血红蛋白尿症奶牛红细胞膜溶破的分子机理

The molecular mechanism of erythrocyte membrane damage in the low phosphorus hemoglobinuria cows

利用自然病例 ,采取分组 (血尿组、低磷组、对照组 )对比的方法 ,从分子水平上检测了红细胞膜的磷脂组分、膜骨架蛋白组分及红细胞形态扫描电镜观察。结果表明 ,血尿组奶牛红细胞膜的磷脂组分和膜骨架蛋白及红细胞形态均发生明显地改变 :血尿组奶牛红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱 +磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PC+PS)及神经鞘磷脂 (SM)显著高于低磷组和对照组 ,而磷脂酰乙醇胺 (PE)含量显著低于低磷组和对照组 ,血清磷与红细胞膜 PE含量呈显著正相关 ,与 SM呈显著负相关 ;血尿组奶牛红细胞膜膜收缩蛋白 、 及区带 - 2蛋白含量均显著低于低磷组和对照组 (P<0 .0 1)而区带 蛋白含量明显高于低磷组和对照组(P<0 .0 1) ;从扫描电镜下观察发现 ,由低磷发展至溶血 ,红细胞形态从正常的圆盘状→棘形→球形→溶破的演变过程 ,发生血管内溶血时 ,其红细胞膜磷脂组分、骨架蛋白及红细胞形态发生显著改变 。

The cows with field cases was divided into three groups, including hemoglobinuria group(HNG),low phosphorus group(LPG)and control group(CG),to research the molecular mechanism of haemolysis due to hypophosphatemia. The content of erythrocyte membrane phospholipid composition and membrane skeleton were detected,and observation of the erythrocyte shape through the scanning electron microscope was carried out. The content of phospholipids composition in HNG and LPG changed significantly: phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) content in HNG was singnificantly lower than that in LPG and CG, sphingomyelin(SM) and phosphatidylcholin(PC)+phosphatidylserine(PS) content in HNG were significantly higher than that in the other two groups; in comparison between LPG and CG, PC+PS content was lower and SM content was higher in LPG;significant positive correlation and negative correlation were observed between serum phosphorus and PE content, serum phosphorus and SM content, respectively. The results showed that no difference was found in erythrocyte membrane skeleton between LPG and CG. However, the spectin and band IV 2 content was lower and band Ⅲ higher significantly in HNG than in LPG and CG(P<0.01).The results from the observation through electron microscope showed the erythrocyte shape changed from discal → spinal → ball → hemloysis with the reduction of serum phosphorus. All these studies concluded that the change of erythrocyte membrane phospholipid composition, membrane skeleton and erythrocyte shape is the most important factor in hemolysis due to hypophosphatemia.