农民津贴:台湾地区的实践及其政治社会意蕴

Farmer Allowance System: Practice of Taiwan Region and Its Political Social Implications

台湾农民津贴制度的建立与发展是台湾经济发展的结果,更是政治介入,特别是选举推动的结果,在某种程度上看也实现了社会福利制度的全覆盖,缩小了社会各阶层之间的福利差距,因而具有福利性、排他性以及政治性等特点。但是,台湾农民津贴制度不单纯是经济问题,农民津贴非理性增长对其它农业经济活动产生了始料未及的排挤效应,它进一步强化了社会身份与社会地位,形成了严重的族群对立与社会区隔。这表明,作为津贴的福利总要受到特定的社会结构及政治架构影响,福利越来越异化为政治的工具及社会的符号,津贴等福利制度容易成为区隔社会阶层的重要标志,那种完全超然于政治与社会、纯粹福利行为的津贴制度不可能存在。

Taiwan farmer allowance system is the result of the economic development of Taiwan, it is a political intervention, especially to promote the election results, to a certain extent will achieve full coverage of the social welfare system, narrowing the gap between all sectors of society welfare, thus has the characteristics of welfare, exclusiveness and political. However, farmer allowance system is not only economic problems, subsidies for non-rational growth gradually produce unexpected crowding out effect on other agricultural economic activities, it further strengthened the social identity and social status, forming a serious ethnic antagonism and social segmentation. This shows that the total welfare allowance as subject to the social structure and the political structure of the specific influence, more and more welfare alienation as a political tool and social symbols, allowances and other welfare system has become an important symbol to separate social stratum, which totally detached from the political and social behavior, pure welfare allowance system might not exist.