江苏地区白化茶品质成分比较分析

Analysis on quality components of albino tea from different areas in Jiangsu

【目的】掌握白化茶在江苏地区引种后的品质表现,为其引种栽培和品质管理调控提供参考依据。【方法】分别在句容张庙、无锡惠山、宜兴玉山、溧阳松岭、金坛薛埠、高淳河南村、溧水孔镇和仪征谢集等江苏主要产茶区及安吉白茶原产地(浙江安吉溪龙乡)进行调查取样,分析不同地区白化茶叶绿素、矿质元素、游离氨基酸和茶多酚等品质成分,并结合感官审评对其成茶进行评价。【结果】9个白化茶园的鲜叶叶绿素含量整体上处于较低水平,茶叶白化程度较高,其中以仪征谢集白化茶的叶绿素总量(0.40 mg/g)和SPAD值(12.5)最低。不同地区白化茶鲜叶中的大量元素和微量元素存在差异,仪征谢集白化茶的大量元素和微量元素(锰元素除外)均处于较高水平,同时该地区白化茶的游离氨基酸含量最高(6.03%)、茶多酚含量最低(14.90%),且酚氨比最低(2.49)。安吉溪龙乡、溧阳松岭、无锡惠山和句容张庙白化茶鲜叶的游离氨基酸和茶多酚含量相对较高,酚氨比均低于8.00,品质较优。感官审评结果显示,安吉溪龙乡白化茶园所制的成茶样品综合表现最优,其外形、香气、滋味和叶底等指标得分均排名第一,品质总分为92.0分;无锡惠山、溧阳松岭和句容张庙白化茶园所制的成茶样品综合表现良好,品质总分在90.0分以上,茶汤滋味、汤色和香气仅次于原产地制备的白化茶。【结论】可在仪征谢集、无锡惠山、溧阳松岭和句容张庙等江苏主要产茶区大面积引种白化茶,提高江苏白化茶的市场占有率。

【Objective】The quality of albino tea after being introduced in Jiangsu was studied to provide reference for its introduction,cultivation and quality management.【Method】Samples were taken from main tea planting areas in Jiangsu(Zhangmiao,Jurong;Huishan,Wuxi;Yushan,Yixing;Songling,Liyang;Xuebu,Jintan;Henan,Gaochun;Kongzhen,Lishui;Xieji,Yizheng)and place of origin for Anji white tea(Xilong,Anji,Zhejiang).Quality components such as chlorophyll,mineral element,free amino acid and tea polyphenol of albino tea from different areas were analyzed,and the processed tea quality were evaluated combining sensory evaluation.【Result】Chlorophyll contents in fresh leaf from nine albino tea gardens were at a low level on the whole,albino degree of fresh leaf was higher.The total chlorophyll content(0.40 mg/g)and SPAD value(12.5)of albino leaves in Yizheng,Xieji were the lowest among all of them.There were differences in macroelements and trace elements of albino tea fresh leaves from different areas.Macroelements and trace elements(excepted manganese)were found at a high level in leaves from Yizheng,Xieji,moreover,the content of free amino acids in fresh leaves in this area was the highest(6.03%),and the content of tea polyphenols was the lowest(14.90%),and the ratio of tea polyphenol to amino acid was also the lowest(2.49).The content of free amino acids and tea polyphenols in fresh leaves were high from Xilong,Anji;Songling,Liyang;Huishan,Wuxi and Zhangmiao,Jurong.Their ratios of tea polyphenol to amino acid were all lower than 8.00,and presented good quality.Sensory evaluation results showed that the processed albino tea in Xilong,Anji had the best performance,its appearance,aroma,taste and infused leaf ranked the top with a total score of 92.0.The processed albino tea from tea gardens in Huishan,Wuxi;Songling,Liyang and Zhangmiao,Jurong presented sound performance with a total score over 90.0.Their taste,soup color and aroma were seconded to those processed in the place of origin.【Conclusion】Albino tea can be introduced in main tea planting areas in Jiangsu(Xieji,Yizheng;Huishan,Wuxi;Songling,Liyang;Zhangmiao,Jurong)to increase the market share of Jiangsu albino tea.