环状RNA及其在胃癌中作用的研究进展

Advances in Circular RNAs and Their Roles in Gastric Cancer

环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是具有闭环结构的RNA。circRNA由于具有分布广泛、序列保守、性能稳定和表达的时空特异性等特征,很有可能成为新型的诊治疾病、判断预后的生物标志物和靶点,并具有研发药物的潜在价值。胃癌居全球癌症发病率第5位。我国是胃癌的高发地区,每年胃癌新发病例占全球的近半数。在胃癌早期筛查方面,我们目前尚无简单、高效的手段。该综述就circRNA领域研究的新成果及其在胃肿瘤的作用进行探讨。

Circular RNAs（circRNAs） are special RNAs with a closed loop structure. Though known as non-coding RNAs, some of them are able to translate proteins directly. Because of their characteristics of wide distribution, conservative sequence, stable property, temporal and spatial expression, and so on, it is very likely that circRNAs will be novel biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis, or prognosis of diseases, and new targets of treatment. Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world, and the third leading cause of death among cancer patients. In general, incidence rates are highest in China. Each year, the number of new cases of gastric cancer in China accounts for nearly half of the world. There is no simple and effective method for early screening of gastric cancer at present. Therefore, the fight against gastric cancer is very grim in China. In this article, we summarized recent progress of circ RNAs and their roles in gastric cancer.