空间内插法在航道测量水深检测中的应用

The Application of Spatial Interpolation in Water Depth Detection of Waterway Surveying

针对目前航道测量水深检测中主要依赖人工判读比对的主观随意性问题,探讨空间插值法在水深检测中应用的可行性。选取地形条件各异的测点样本数据,用反距离加权插值法、克里格插值法、样条函数插值法、自然邻点插值法对其插值分析。通过实验比较发现,需针对具体的地形特征选择最优空间插值法,对河床地形起伏大、水深测点密度较低的区域,空间插值误差的比对超限比例会超出规范允许的限值,故较难进行实际应用;反之,空间插值法具备应用可行性。

Aimed at the subjective randomness problem of mainly depending on human in the present waterway depth detection, this paper discusses the feasibility of application of spatial interpolation in depth detection. The point sample data in different terrain conditions is selected and analyzed by different methods, such as inverse distance weighted interpolation method, Kriging interpolation method, spline function interpolation method and natural adjacent point interpolation method. The conclusion is that choosing the optimal spatial interpolation method is needed in different specific terrain feature area. In the area with great riverbed terrain ups and downs or low density measuring points, the interpolation error of using spatial interpolation exceeds the limited value. In the other area, it can be used in waterway depth detection.