我国新型城镇化进程中水问题及对策

Water problems and countermeasures during the process of new urbanization in China

水利是城镇化建设的重要基础设施。新型城镇化建设对水资源、水环境及水安全等问题提出了新的要求,已成为影响新型城镇化建设进程的重要因素。在新型城镇化推进过程中,面对水资源短缺、水污染严重、水生态恶化等严峻挑战,分析了城镇化进程中的水利发展趋势,水资源需求在较长一段时期内仍将持续增长,资源性、工程性、水质性缺水长期并存,对城镇化进程中亟待解决的科学技术问题进行了梳理。提出必须以习近平总书记新时期治水思路为根本遵循,统筹做好水资源节约、保护、开发、利用、管理、改革各方面工作,充分发挥水资源的约束性、控制性和先导性作用,注重政府宏观调控与市场资源配置的结合,增强科技创新的支撑引领作用,加快推进城镇化建设提供更加有力的水资源保障。

Water conservancy is the critical infrastructure during urbanization construction. The implementation of the new urbanization has set out new requirements on water resources, water environment, water security and other issues, which are important factors influencing the process of the new urbanization. In the process of the new urbanization, we are facing the challenges of severe water shortage, water pollution, water ecological deterioration. In this paper, we analyze the development trend of water conservancy in the urbanization process and conclude that the water demand in a long period of time will continue to increase, and water shortage due to resource limitation, increasing engineering and water quality deterioration will exist for a long time. We also generalize and discusse the scientific and technological problems that needed to be addressed in the urbanization process. We propose that the water resources governance in the new age proposed by the Chinese Communist Party chief Xi Jinping is the fundamental concept to be followed to promote comprehensive reform in the water resources saving, protection, exploitation, utilization, management, reform and so on. It is required to bring into full play the binding force, controlling capacity and pioneering roles of the water resources adequately, combine the government macro-control and market allocation well, and enhance the innovation ability and leading role of science and technology, so as to provide a reliable guarantee of water resources for accelerating the development of the urbanization construction.