住房保障与社区服务责任:美国的经验教训及其启示

Housing Security and Community Service Responsibility:Lessons from American Experience

住有所居是人的基本权利,也是政府的职责所在,因此,各国政府为了国民居住权的实现,通过多种方式为存在住房困难的群体提供住房保障。美国住房保障起步较早,发展较为完善,但是实践中保障对象过于依赖政府提供的福利受到了社会诟病。为了解决福利依赖产生的诸多经济社会问题,美国政府进行了住房保障对象参与社区服务的探索,并取得成功。美国公共住房的公有属性、住宅集中分布特点、保障对象特征以及产生的社会效果与我们国家保障性住房有相似之处,文章通过对美国保障对象参与社区服务背景及规定的梳理,分析其经验教训,可以为我国住房保障管理提供借鉴。

Housing is people＇s basic rights, as well as the responsibility of the government , so, in order to achieve national residency,governments provide housing security for the masses in difficulties through many ways. Housing security starts earlier in America,its development is relatively perfect, but in the practice, those who are helped rely too much on the welfare of the government. In order to solve a lot of economic and social problems of welfare dependence, the U. S. government has carried on the housing safeguard object to participate in community service, and achieved success. The public attribute of the public housing, residential concentration distribution characteristics,the safeguard object characteristics and the social effect have similarities with affordable housing in our country, therefore,through the background and regulation for the security object in the United States to participate in community service,this article analyses the experiences and lessons, and provides the references for the housing security management in China.