实体瘤CAR-T治疗的挑战与展望

Challenges and promise of CAR-T therapy in solid tumor

嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T cells,CAR-T)治疗是通过体外改造T细胞,使其能特异性识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞,从而达到肿瘤治疗目的的一种新技术。目前,CAR-T治疗相关的临床试验正在全世界范围内广泛开展,CD19靶点的CAR-T在治疗血液肿瘤方面取得了革命性的成功,CAR-T疗法正成为继手术、放疗、化疗之后的又一新的肿瘤治疗方法。然而,对于癌症中的主要类型实体瘤,目前CAR-T治疗的研究依然缺乏实质性进展。本文以实体肿瘤的CAR-T治疗为切入点,简要概述了实体肿瘤相较于血液肿瘤的特征和治疗难点,以及目前CAR-T治疗实体瘤面临的主要挑战及展望。

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells（CAR-T） therapy is emerging as a new cancer therapy, by engineering T cells in vitro to specifically recognize and kill tumor cells, so as to achieve the purpose of tumor treatment. At present, CAR-T related clinical trials are widely carried out around the world, especially CD19 target CAR has achieved revolutionary success in the therapy of hematologic tumors. Today, CAR-T therapy is developing as a new option for tumor treatment besides surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. Although CAR-T therapy has achieved a great success in hematological tumors, the current CAR-T therapy research is still lack of substantial progress in solid tumors. In this review, we take CAR-T therapy of solid tumors as the topic, summarize the characteristics and treatment difficulties of solid tumors, review the current status and challenges of the CAR-T therapy in solid tumors, and discuss the future directions in this field.