飞行员高血压合并焦虑抑郁的危险因素分析

Analysis of the risk factors associated with anxiety and depression in pilots with hypertension

目的分析飞行员高血压合并焦虑抑郁的相关危险因素。方法选择2012年5月至2015年5月于本院行常规检查的患有高血压的男飞行员584例纳入研究组,选择同期300例于本院诊断为高血压的普通人纳入对照组。采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)对两组患者进行问卷调查,比较其焦虑和抑郁的发生情况,同时详细记录两组患者年龄、职业、婚姻状况、高血压病程、血压控制情况、训练量等相关资料,分析飞行员高血压合并焦虑抑郁的相关危险因素。结果研究组患者焦虑和抑郁发生率分别为60.45%和19.69%,对照组分别为32.67%和11.33%,组间比较均有显著差异(χ~2=113.45、18.32,P<0.05)。研究组患者SAS和SDS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。单因素分析发现,婚姻状况、血压控制情况、体能训练、血糖和血脂水平是飞行员高血压合并焦虑抑郁的危险因素(P<0.05),其中离异、血压控制差及偶尔进行体能训练是引发飞行员高血压合并焦虑抑郁的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论飞行员高血压患者焦虑抑郁的发生率显著高于普通高血压患者,在治疗高血压的同时应注意及时识别并给予相应抗焦虑抑郁治疗。

bObjective To investigate the risk factors associated with anxiety and depression in pilots with hypertension. Method A total of 584 male pilots with hypertension from May 2012 to May 2015 in our hospital were enrolled in study group, 300 cases of ordinary person diagnosed as hypertension in our hospital were included in control group during the same time. The self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and self-rating depression scale（SDS） were used to investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression. The age, occupation, marital status, course of hypertension, blood pressure control and training were recorded in the two groups of patients. Analyzed the risk factors associated with anxiety and depression in pilots with hypertension. ResultThe incidence rate of anxiety and depression in study group were 60.45% and 19.69%, and the incidence rate of anxiety and depression in control group were 32.67% and 11.33%, there were significant differences（χ~2=113.45, 18.32, P〈0.05）. The scores of SAS and SDS in study group were significantly lower than control group（P〈0.05）. Univariate analysis showed that marital status, blood pressure control, physical fitness training, blood glucose and blood lipid levels were related risk factors for pilots with hypertension complicated with anxiety and depression（P〈0.05）. The divorce, poor control of blood pressure, and occasional physical training were the independent risk factors that caused hypertension and anxiety depression in pilots（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of anxiety and depression of pilots with hypertension is significantly higher than that of ordinary hypertension patients. In the treatment of hypertension, we should pay attention to timely recognition and give corresponding anti anxiety and depression treatment.