《史记》的工匠文化观——中华工匠文化体系研究系列之八

On the World View of the Craftsman Culture in Shiji——A Serial study on the Cultural System of Chinese Craftsmen(No.8)

对工匠文化进行历史性的系统梳理、考察与研究,是中华工匠文化体系建构及其传承、创新研究的基础性工作。中华典籍中的"二十四史"应该属于最为基本的历史线索性文本,有必要对其展开进行系统研究。文章拟尝试性地考察《史记》中的工匠文化问题,在梳理《史记》工匠文化问题的文献基础上,从"工匠"意涵、"工匠"来源、"工匠"的重要发明以及"工匠"其他相关问题诸如工官的类别、工商业的赋税问题、民间雇工问题等几个方面,粗略地描绘出《史记》中的工匠文化世界。文章的研究力求做到两方面:一方面丰富《史记》的研究;另一方面为秦汉及其之前工匠问题的研究做一些基础性的工作。

To carry out a historic and systematic survey on the craftsman culture is a fundamental step in the construction,inheritance and innovation of the Chinese craftsman cultural system.As The Twenty-four Histories(Dynastic Histories From Remote Antiquity Till the Ming Dynasty in China)is one of the most basic historical clue texts in Chinese classics,a systematic research on it proves necessary.This paper tries to study the craftsman culture in Shiji(The Historical Records).Combing the literature on the craftsman culture,it explores the meaning of"craftsman,"its origin,some important inventions of craftsmen and other related issues such as the categories of inspectors,business taxes,private employment,etc.in order to roughly describe the craftsman culture world in Shiji.This paper is expected to enrich the study of Shiji and facilitate the understanding of the craftsman culture in and before Qin and Han dynasties.