固相反应调控合成不同形貌的ZnO纳米晶体

Synthesis and Morphology Control of ZnO Nano-crystalline by Solid Reaction

用不同锌盐与氢氧化钠,通过固相反应合成ZnO纳米材料,研究不同原料配比、锌盐种类和表面活性剂对ZnO纳米晶体形貌的影响。用XRD、FE-SEM分析了ZnO产物的物相组成与显微形貌。研究结果表明:当锌盐与氢氧化钠的物质的量比为1∶2时,合成的ZnO晶体均呈颗粒状,以Zn(NO_3)_2和ZnCl_2为锌盐,得到的ZnO纳米晶体平均粒度分别为50nm和60nm,而以Zn(CH_3COO)_2为锌盐,得到的ZnO晶体粒度为80~620nm;当锌盐与氢氧化钠的物质的量比为1∶5时,以Zn(NO_3)_2和Zn(CH_3COO)_2为锌盐,合成的ZnO呈薄片状,以Zn(NO_3)_2为锌盐,得到的ZnO晶体片厚30nm,片长180nm,而以Zn(CH_3COO)_2为锌盐,得到的ZnO晶体片厚50nm,片长500nm,当锌盐为ZnCl_2时,其产物呈颗粒状,晶体粒度为120~400nm;原料中添加表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),对产物的形貌有较大影响,以Zn(NO_3)_2为锌盐,与氢氧化钠的物质的量比分别为1∶2和1∶5时,可分别得到片状与颗粒状的ZnO。

ZnO nano-materials were synthesized by solid reaction from different zinc salt and NaOH.Effect of different raw materials ratio,zinc type and surfactant on the ZnO nano-crystalline morphology was studied.The phase composition and microstructure of ZnO products were analysed by XRD and FE-SEM.The result shows that ZnO products is particle grains when the mole ratio of zinc salt to NaOH is 1∶2 in the every samples.The average size of ZnO grains from Zn(NO_3)_2 and ZnCl_2 raw materials are 50 nm and 60 nm,respectively.However,ZnO grains from Zn(CH_3 COO)_2 raw materials has an size of 80~620 nm.ZnO products are flaky grains when the mole ratio of zinc salt to NaOH is 1∶5 in the samples form Zn(NO_3)_2 and Zn(CH_3 COO)_2 raw materials.ZnO grains in the samples from Zn(NO_3)_2 raw materials has a thickness of about 30 nm and a flaky long of about 180 nm.ZnO grains in the samples from Zn(CH_3 COO)_2 raw materials has a thickness of about 50 nm and a flaky long of about 500 nm.Additionally,ZnO in the samples from ZnCl_2 raw materials has a particle grains with a size of 120~400 nm.Adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate surfactant of into the raw materials has an affect on the ZnO morphology.When the mole ratio of Zn(NO_3)_2 to NaOH is 1∶2 and 1∶5 in the sample,flaky and particles ZnO grains are obtained,respectively.