淮南迪沟采煤沉陷区湖泊后生浮游动物群落结构及其影响因子

Metazoan zooplankton community structure and environmental drivers of Digou coal mining subsided lakes in Huainan

2015年8月-2016年6月对安徽省迪沟采煤沉陷区湖泊后生浮游动物群落结构及环境因子进行了调查,研究了其群落结构及与环境因子的关系.共发现后生浮游动物16科27属53种,其中轮虫38种,枝角类9种,桡足类6种,优势种为萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)、角突臂尾轮虫(B.angularis)、蒲达臂尾轮虫(B.budapestiensis)、针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla)、曲腿龟甲轮虫(Keratella valga)、螺形龟甲轮虫(K.cochlearis)、长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)和透明温剑水蚤(Thermocyclops hyalinus).密度和生物量平均值分别为965.00±541.91 ind./L和3.42±2.17 mg/L.密度峰值出现在2015年2月,而生物量峰值出现在10月,最低值均出现在12月.后生浮游动物密度的空间分布呈现西低东高的趋势,而生物量空间分布呈现西高东低的趋势.Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数分别为2.07~3.22、0.83~1.72和0.67~0.80.冗余分析及Pearson相关性分析结果表明,浮游植物生物量、水温、营养盐等是影响后生浮游动物群落结构的主要因子.综合理化指标、营养状态指数、后生浮游动物优势种及生物多样性指数结果表明,迪沟采煤沉陷区湖泊已处于轻度富营养状态.

Metazoan zooplankton and environmental factors in Digou coal mining subsided lakes in Anhui Province were investigated bimonthly from August 2015 to June 2016. Metazoan zooplankton community structure and its relationships with environmental factors were analyzed. A total of 53 species from 27 genera of metazoan zooplankton were identified which consisted of 38 species of rotifers,9 species of cladocerans and 6 species of copepoda. According to the abundance and occurrence,Brachionus calyciflorus,B. angularis,B. budapestiensis,Polyarthra trigla,Keratella valga,K. cochlearis,Bosmina longirostris and Thermocyclops hyalinus were the dominant species. The mean density and biomass of metazoan zooplankton were 965. 00 ± 541. 91 ind./L and 3. 42 ±2. 17 mg/L,respectively. The density was highest in February,and lowest in December 2015,with the spatial pattern of increasing from west to east. The biomass was highest in October,and lowest in December 2015,with the spatial pattern of decreasing from west to east. The Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index and Pielou index of the metazoan zooplankton community were 2. 07-3. 22,0. 83-1. 72,and 0. 67-0. 80,respectively. The results of redundancy analysis and the Pearson correlation analysis indicated that phytoplankton biomass,water temperature and nutrient were the three main environmental drivers affecting the metazoan zooplankton community structure in Digou coal mining subsided lakes. The physical-chemical parameters,trophic state index,the dominant species of metazoan zooplankton and biodiversity index indicated that the lake was under light eutrophication.