核安全立法的历史沿革与现实思考

Historic Evolution and Realistic Thoughts of The Legislation on Nuclear Safety

核能利用风险和收益并存,处理安全和发展的关系是核立法的核心议题。与其他核法律规范相比,《核安全法》侧重核安全风险的管控,更多地调整国家核安全监管部门、核能行业主管部门、相关营运单位以及公众之间的法律关系,是核安全法律体系中最高位阶的法律规范。本文梳理了我国核安全立法的历史发展过程,说明了《核安全法》的制定背景,详细阐释了《核安全法》的主要内容,指出了《核安全法》的不足之处,并提出了未来完善的方向与建议。

Risk and benefit coexist in the use of nuclear energy,so it′s a core topic for dealing with safety and development.Compared with other nuclear legislations,Nuclear Safety Law,the highest legal norm in the hierarchy of nuclear safety legislations,focuses on the management and control of risk,and governs the legal relations among regulatory body,competent authority,related operators and the public.This paper first analyzes the historic evolution of the legislation on nuclear safety and illustrates the background for formulating the Law,then interprets the main contents of the Lawin detail,and finally points out the deficiencies in the Law and puts forward the suggestions for further improvement in the future.