土耳其内政外交变动及对中东格局的影响

Changes of Turkey's Internal and External Policies and Their Impacts on the Pattern of the Middle East

近年来,土耳其内政外交进入转型期。内政方面,通过修宪公投,变革政治体制,由议会制转为总统制,总统成为实权派。土耳其政府利用"7·15"军事未遂政变,清除了以"居伦运动"为代表的政治异己,军队力量的政治话语权弱化,国家权力集中化趋势愈发明显。与此同时,土耳其外交也进入了调适期,实行多维度外交政策,传统的亲西方政策逐渐弱化,"向东看"政策日益凸显,在地区奉行积极主义。土耳其是中东地区大国,其内政外交变化对正在转型中的中东地区具有重要影响,为正在重塑中的地区格局增加了不确定性。

In recent years, Turkey is undergoing a period of internaland external policy transition. In domestic politics, the president has been much empowered through a referendum on constitution revision to change political system form the parliamentary system to the presidential system. The Turkish government has purged the political aliens represented by the "Gulen Movement" by making use of the "July 15 th" abortive military coup, ending in the political discourse power of the military much weakened and the trend of centralizing state power becoming more outstanding. Meanwhile, Turkey's foreign policy is also undergoing a period of adjustment to pursue a multidimensional foreign policy and activism in regional affairs, with its traditional proWest policy weakening and its policy of "Looking East" strengthened. As a major power in the Middle East, changes of Turkey's internal and external policies have important impacts on the Middle East in transition, adding uncertainties to the re-shaping of the regional pattern of the Middle East.