领导干部应当学点人类学——管理潜质与能力提高的学术修养

Leading Officials Should Know Anthropology—Academic Preparations for Improving Leadership Abilities and Skills

行政管理人类学是人类学和行政管理学相结合的一门交叉学科,主要运用人类学的方法论和视野,通过参与式观察、深入访谈等质性研究方法,将人类学文化相对论、文化整体论、跨文化比较等理论视野应用于行政组织、行政运作、人事行政、财务行政、公务管理以及公务伦理实践之中,让行政领导如同人类学家走进田野一样,学会走进基层进行调查研究,获取第一手资料,获悉民众需要什么,这样才能在制定政策和落实政策过程中有的放矢。放下"官架"与"权力",走进基层,参与调查,学会主客位的换位思考。学会聆听下属以及人民群众不同的声音,让权力真正的用于民,造福于民。

Administrative management anthropology is an interdisciplinary approach that combines administrative management studies with anthropology. It emphasizes using anthropological methodology and perspectives, including qualitative methodologies such as participant observation and intensive interviewing, and applying various theoretical perspectives, such as anthropological cultural relativism, cultural holism and cross-cultural comparison, to the practices of administrative organization, administrative operation, personnel administration, financial administration, public management, and the public sector ethics, so that the leading officials can conduct investigations and surveys at the primary-level communities like the anthropologists＇ field work; get first-hand information, learn what people need, and formulate problem-oriented policies; discard the ＂official airs＂, participate in community- level investigations and surveys, and think like the ordinary people; and learn to listen to the voices of their subordinates and the people, and ensure that the power is truly for the people and benefits the people.