大学生心理求助态度与生活事件和应对方式的关系

Relationship between attitude toward seeking professional psychological help and life events,coping styles in college students

目的探讨生活事件和应对方式对大学生心理求助态度的影响。方法采用大学生心理求助态度问卷、青少年生活事件量表及应对方式问卷对900名大学生进行调查。结果女生的心理求助总分及预期、接纳因子得分高于男生(P<0.05),男生和女生的需要和信任因子得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年级学生的求助态度总分及各因子得分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);理工专业学生的求助态度总分及各因子得分均高于文史专业学生(P<0.05);其他变量求助态度总分及各因子得分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。应对方式的解决问题、求助与心理求助态度存在正相关(P<0.05),生活事件各因子和应对方式的自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子与心理求助态度均存在负相关(P<0.05)。受惩罚、解决问题、自责及求助等是心理求助态度的影响因素,其中解决问题、求助具有正性预测作用(P<0.05),受惩罚、自责具有负性预测作用(P<0.05)。不成熟型及混合型应对方式在生活事件与心理求助态度之间起部分中介作用。结论大学生心理求助态度在性别、年级、专业方面存在差异。生活事件、应对方式对大学生心理求助态度具有影响,应对方式在生活事件和心理求助态度间存在一定的中介作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of life events and coping styles on attitude toward seeking professional psychological help in college students. Methods Nine hundred college students were survey by attitude toward seeking professional psychological help questionnaire（ ATSPPHQ）,adolescent self-rating life events check list and coping style questionnaire. Results The total score,the scores of expecting and acceptance factor of ATSPPHQ of female were significantly higher than those of male（ P 0. 05）; there was no statistic difference in scores of need and trust factor of ATSPPHQ between male and female（ P 0. 05）. There was statistic difference in total score and score of each factor of ATSPPHQ among difference grade（ P 0. 05）. The total score and each factor score of ATSPPHQ of science engineering profession students were significantly higher than those of literature and history profession students（ P 0. 05）. There was no statistic difference in total score and score of each factor of ATSPPHQ among another variables（ P 0. 05）. Problem solving and help-seeking of coping styles were positive correlation with attitude toward seeking professional psychological help（ P 0. 05）; all factors of life events and self-blame,fantasy,avoidance,rationalization factor of coping style were negative correlation with attitude toward seeking professional psychological help（ P 0. 05）. The punishment,problem solving,self-blame and help-seeking were the influence factors of attitude toward seeking professional psychological help. Poblem solving and help-seeking had positive predictive effect（ P 0. 05）; punishment,self-blame had negative predictive effect（ P 0. 05）. The immature coping style and mixed coping style had intermediary effect between life events and the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help. Conclusions The attitude toward seeking professional psychological help of college students is different in gender,grade and profession. Life events and coping style have a certain impact on the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help. Coping style play an intermediary role between the life events and the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help.