食芽象甲对不同品种枣树植物挥发物的嗅觉反应

Theolfactory response of Scythropus yasumatsui to volatiles of different jujube cultivars

为了明确食芽象甲对11个枣树品种的嗅觉反应,本试验分别用Y型嗅觉仪和圆盘试验对其进行测试。Y型嗅觉仪测试结果表明,不同品种的枣芽对食芽象甲的引诱活性不同,其中木枣、冬枣、梨枣、骏枣、晋枣和佳县长枣6个品种的枣芽对食芽象甲有显著的引诱活性(P<0.05),其他品种对食芽象甲的引诱作用无显著差异;食芽象甲对不同品种枣芽的反应时间也不同,食芽象甲对引诱活性强的枣芽反应时间较短一些。圆盘测试结果表明,食芽象甲对梨枣、骏枣和晋枣枣芽的选择性最强,其次为冬枣和佳县长枣,对酸枣的选择性最弱。研究表明Y型嗅觉仪测试结果和圆盘试验的测试结果基本一致。本研究还通过Y型管测定了食芽象甲的性别、饥饿程度以及枣芽的新鲜程度对其嗅觉反应的影响,结果表明食芽象甲性别对枣芽嗅觉反应的差异不显著;不同新鲜程度的枣芽对食芽象甲的引诱活性不同,食芽象甲对新鲜未食用的枣芽的选择明显高于食用过的枣芽;随着饥饿时间的增加,食芽象甲对枣芽的反应时间缩短,当饥饿时间为8 h到12 h时,其反应时间最短,之后反应时间会随着饥饿时间的增加而变长,但饥饿时间的长短并不会影响枣芽对食芽象甲的引诱活性。

In order to understand the olfactory responses of Scythropus yasumatsui to volatiles of eleven jujube cultivars,Y olfactometer and disk tests were conducted. The results of Y olfactometer tests showed that jujube buds of different cultivars had different attractive activities to S. yasumatsui. Among the jujube cultivars,Mu jujube,Dong jujube,Li jujube,Jun jujube,Jing jujube and Jiaxianchang jujube had a significant attractive activity to S. yasumatsui（ P 0. 05）,while the attractive activity was not significant with other cultivars. S. yasumatsui had different reaction time to different jujube cultivars,the shorter the reaction time of S. yasumatsui was,the more attractive activity jujube cultivars had. The results of disk tests showed that Li jujube, Dong jujube and Jin jujube buds attracted more S. yasumatsui than other jujube buds,followed by Dong jujube and Jiaxianchang jujube,and Suan jujube had the lowest attractive activity. The result of Y olfactometer tests was basically in agreement with the result of disk tests. The olfactory response of S. yasumatsui to jujube buds were also assessed in its gender,its starvation degree andfresh degree of jujube buds. The resluts showed that the sexual differences of S. yasumatsui had no effect on its olfactory responses to jujube cultivars. S. yasumatsui had different olfactory response to different degree of jujube buds,uneaten fresh jujube buds attracted more S. yasumatsui than eaten jujube buds. With the starvation time increased,the reaction time of S. yasumatsui to jujube bud were shortened,the reaction time was shortest for 8 to 12 hours of starvation. When the starvation time was more than 12 h,the reaction time was extended. The results showed that starvation time have no effect on attractive activity of jujube buds to S. yasumatsui.