学前儿童在行为领域中的性别刻板印象研究

On Preschool Children's Gender Stereotypes in the Behavioral Field

为探究学前儿童在职业、日常活动、攻击行为和亲社会行为4个领域中的性别观念,采用内隐和外显两种研究方法测量104名学前儿童的性别观念,并探究其性别和年龄差异.结果发现,学前儿童对职业、攻击性行为和亲社会行为存在显著的性别刻板印象,对日常行为没有显著的性别刻板印象;女孩在一些行为上表现得更为刻板,且年龄越大越刻板化.由此可见,学前儿童对行为领域中的性别观念已刻板化.

The present study used implicit and explicit methods to explore the gender concept of preschool children in four fields： occupation, daily activities, aggressive behavior and prosocial behavior. Their gender and age differences were also researched. The results showed that preschool children had gender stereotypes on the occupation, aggressive behavior and prosocial behavior, while there was no significant gender stereotype on daily behavior. Furthermore, children in top class and girls expressed multiple stereotypic beliefs for some contexts. These results suggested that there were gender stereotypes of preschool children in the behavioral field.