理想与现实:日本起诉书一本主义评析——兼谈我国刑事诉讼案卷移送制度

Ideality and Reality: the Review of the Charge-Statement-Only Doctrine in Japan——And Talking about the Transfer System of Criminal Cases in China

起诉书一本主义是刑事诉讼三种主要案卷移送方式之一,是英美法系国家普遍采用的与当事人主义、庭审中心主义等相适应的案卷移送制度。第二次世界大战以后,日本起诉书一本主义在排除庭前预断、防止法官受干扰产生偏见及促成庭审当事人主义等方面能够起到积极作用,但却付出了实体正义和诉讼效率代价,其预期目标没有完全实现。日本起诉书一本主义的理想与现实能为我国当前刑事审判改革提供借鉴。

The Charge -Statement -Only Doctrine widely used in common law countries is one of the three main means of transferring criminal files of public prosecution and adapt to adversary model and tribunal judicial central- ism. After the Second World War, the Charge - Statement - Only Doctrine in Japan has promoted excluding pre- judgment of pretrial review, preventing the judge＇ s bias from interfering and facilitating adversary model energeti- cally. But it has paid the price of the body justice and the judicial efficiency, and it expected goals are not fully re- alized. The ideality and reality of the Charge - Statement - Only Doctrine in Japan can provide reference for China＇ s current reform of criminal trial procedure.