历史记忆、民族认同与族群关系策略——贵州占里侗族与付中苗族的历史人类学考察

Historical Memory,Ethnic Identity and Strategies of Ethnic Relationships——A Historical and Anthropological Study of the Kam People in Zhan Li and the Hmong People in Fu Zhong,Guzhou Province

占里侗寨是一个典型的侗族古村落,与付中苗寨共同传承着"祖公上河"到"占里定居"的清晰历史记忆,并保持着"兄弟村寨"的特殊关系。占里、付中两个少数民族村寨因共同的历史记忆而产生的历史认同,形成了一种血缘关系与地缘关系的融合,符合族群发展的现实需要。占里侗寨、付中苗寨等少数民族村寨还通过频繁的"月也"活动,实现交流往来、和谐共处,具体呈现了西南山区少数民族族群间的亲密互动关系,展示了我国少数民族村寨社区处理民族认同和族群关系的高超智慧。

The Kam living in Zhan Li and the Hmong living in Fu Zhang have similar legends of origin in which the two groups had the same routes of ancestral migration and close interactions. Such historical memory has chartered the brotherhood relations between the two different ethnic groups in the two villages for generations. More- over, these villages maintain a group visiting rite called ＂Yueye＂ that further enhance the intimacy of village broth- erhood. The case of Zhai Li and Fu Zhong village brotherhood demonstrates that both the Kam and the Hmong in Southwest China have forged their strategies for maintaining harmonious ethnic relations in the community level, and such living wisdoms have yet to be furthered researched.