小麦黄色素含量与多酚氧化酶活性相关基因的分子标记检测及分布差异

Molecular Detection and Distribution of Genes Associated with Yellow Pigment Content and Polyphenol Oxidase Activity in Wheat Cultivars

用黄色素含量和多酚氧化酶活性相关分子标记对277份国内小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种(系)进行了检测,发现1B/1R易位系出现频率为27.1%,控制低多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性等位基因Ppo-A1b和Ppo-B1a分布频率为53.1%和65.3%,控制低黄色素(YP)含量的等位基因Psy-A1b和Psy-B1b出现频率分别是39.7%和55.6%。后4种基因型在各省份间分布频率差异很大,等位基因Ppo-A1b在河南品种中频率较低,为28.6%;Ppo-D1a基因型在陕西地区最低,为14.3%;Psy-A1b等位基因在河南和山东品种中分布频率很低,仅为15.7%和13.3%;Psy-B1b在江苏和山东地区较低,分别为25.0%和36.7%;四川品种中这4种等位基因出现频率都较高。根据不同地区面粉色泽相关等位基因分布差异,制定适宜育种策略,能更有效地改善该地区小麦新品种的面粉色泽。

A total of 277 wheat lines were tested by molecular markers which associated with genes of yellow pigment （YP） content and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） activity. The 1B/1R translocation was found with frequency of 27.1%. The distributions of alleles Ppo-Alb and Ppo-Bla were 53.1% and 65.3% which related to a lower PPO activity. The frequencies of Psy-Alb and Psy-Blb were 39.7% and 55.6% which associated with the lower YP content. The frequencies of later four genetypes were changed largely in different provinces. The lowest frequencies of Ppo-A lb and Ppo-Dla were found in wheat lines from Henan and Shaanxi Provinces respectively,which were 28.6% and 14.3%. The distribution of Psy-Alb allele was very low both in lines from Henan and Shandong regions,only 15.7% and 13.3%. Psy-Blb allele was detected with 25.0% and 36.7% fre- quencies in cuhivares from Jiangsu and Shandong regions. While theses four alleles showed higher distribution in lines from Sichuan region. It is efficient to improve the color quality of wheat lines by enhancing the frequencies of these alleles in dif- ferent regions.