企业职工高血压患病现况研究

A survey on the current prevalence of hypertension in company employees

目的对某公司职工进行高血压患病现况研究,以期为提高广大企业职工高血压的治疗率、控制率及职工对高血压的知晓率,保障职工身心健康提供理论依据。方法选取芜湖某公司1 762名职工作为研究对象,对所有研究对象进行身高、体质量、血压的测量,同时抽取空腹静脉血检测血脂、血糖及尿酸,并对所得数据进行统计分析。结果 1 762名公司职工中,高血压患者共629例,患病率为35.70%。其中男性高血压患病率为39.43%,高于女性的29.17%,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而不论男性或女性,公司职工高血压患病率均随着年龄的增加而升高。公司职工的高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率分别为69.95%,56.44%及29.73%,其中男性职工高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率分别为69.46%,53.17%及28.73%,低于女性职工的71.12%,64.17%及32.09%,其中男、女职工高血压治疗率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据高血压诊断标准将公司职工分为高血压组(629人)及正常血压组(1 133人),高血压组职工的平均年龄、收缩压(SBP)水平、舒张压(DBP)水平、心率、体质指数、高总胆固醇(TC)血症检出率、高甘油三酯(TG)血症检出率、高血糖检出率、高尿酸血症检出率及饮酒率均高于正常血压组,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论公司职工存在高血压高患病率、低知晓率、低治疗率以及低控制率的现象,应进一步加强针对职工的健康教育和健康知识宣传,提高职工的高血压防治意识,同时督促职工改变其不良饮食习惯和不良生活方式,以达到提高广大职工健康水平的目的。

Objective To perform a survey on the current prevalence of hypertension in company employees, so as to improve the awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of hypertension, and also to provide theo- retical basis for health promotion for all employees. Methods A total of 1 762 employees from a company in Wuhu participated in this study. Parameters including height, body mass, blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose, and uric acid were measured. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results Among the 1 762 employees, 629 had hypertension with an overall prevalence rate of 35.70%. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in males than that in females （39.430//00 vs. 29.17 -/-, P〈0.05）. And the prevalence rate of hypertension increased with age in both genders. The overall awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of hypertension were 69.95%, 56.44% and 29.73%, respectively- these rate were generally lower in males （69.46%, 53.17% and 28.73%） compared with those in females （71.12%, 64.17% and 32.09%）, and the difference in treatment rate was statistically significant between males and females （P〈0.05）. Based on the diagnostic criteria of hypertension, participants were divided into the hypertension group （n = 629） and the normotension group （n = 1 133）. The mean age, SBP, DBP, heart rate, body mass index, rate of alcohol use, as well as the detection rates of hypereholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycaemia, and hyperuice- mia in the hypertension group were significantly higher than those in the normotension group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension is high, and the awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of hypertension are generally low in company employees. It is important to strengthen health education and health knowledge promotion among employees, raise their awareness of hypertension prevention and treat- ment, and urge them to change their unhealthy eating habit and lifestyle, which may contribute to health pro- motion for all.