实验动物管理和使用委员会的沿革与现状

Current status of institutional animal care and use committees in China, Europe and USA

实验动物管理和使用委员会(实验动物伦理委员会或动物福利机构)是单位内部的实验动物福利监督机构。它是应实际需而产生的,而后又在立法的高度确立了其在实验动物管理和使用中的必须性和所扮演的重要角色。本文介绍了美国、欧洲/欧盟、中国的实验动物管理和使用委员会的历史沿革和现状,阐述了其产生和发展与相关法律法规的关联。

The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee （IACUC）, or the Ethic Committee （EC）, or the Animal Welfare Body （ARB）, is a self-regulating oversight body for animal care and use programs, and it is established to meet the needs of animal research communities and to comply with regulatory requirements. Its authority, responsibilities, and unique importance in the animal care and use, are originated from and re-assured by relevant legislation and regulations. The origins and the current status of the IACUC in China, Europe and USA are reviewed in this paper. The correlation between the IACUC and the regulations, and a comparison between China and western countries, are shown. The future trends in China are briefly discussed.