陕西省公众结核病防治核心知识获得途径分析

Analysis on the ways of acquiring knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and treatment among the publics of Shaanxi Province

目的了解2015年陕西省公众获取结核病防治信息的途径,为今后开展结核病健康教育和健康促进提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取3723名15岁以上的常住居民进行面对面问卷调查。结果有24.9%(906/3639)的常住居民没有接受过结核病宣传,男性受宣传率为48.4%,低于女性(51.6%)。非本地户籍人口受宣传率为48.9%,低于本县区户籍人口(76.4%)。不同职业人群接受结核病宣传不同。接受过结核病健康宣传的人获得相关信息来源主要是电视、广播、传单、折页、宣传画、报纸、杂志等,内容更倾向于以文字或图画为主;就网络传播方面,55.4%的人希望通过"医学专业人员在线咨询"了解肺结核相关信息,内容更倾向于"文字加图片"及"文字加视频"。结论加强电视、广播、报纸杂志、折页等大众媒体结核病宣传的同时,积极应用互联网新媒介,线下线上全方位宣传结核病,提高公众结核病核心知识知晓率,提升人群自我防病水平。

Objective To explore the ways of acquiring knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and treatment among the publics of Shaanxi Province in 2015, and to provide evidence for TB health education and promotion in future. Methods 3723 residents aged above 15 years old were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampiing. Questionnaire survey was adopted to collect information by face-to-face surveys. Results 24. 9% （906/3639） of residents did not accept TB propaganda. The participant rates of propaganda in men and women were 48.4%, 51.6%, respec- tively. The participant rate of propaganda in men was significantly lower than that of women. Compared with local people, the participant rate of propaganda of non-local people was significantly lower, while the participant rates of propaganda non-local and local people were 48.9%, 76.4% , respectively. Different occupations had different participant rates of TB propaganda. The main ways were TV, radio, leaflets, posters, newspapers and magazines, mainly being shown by words or pictures. For internet, 55. 4% of the publics preferred to acquire TB knowledge by ＂professionals online consulting＂, mainly being shown by ＂words ＆ pictures＂ and ＂words ＆ videos＂ . Conclusion It should be strengthened on TB health educa- tion by using the form of TV, radio, newspapers and magazines and combining new media on internet actively to improve the publics awareness on knowledge about TB.