广西珊瑚钨锡矿尾矿源氟污染的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on Fluoride Pollution in Tailings of Guangxi Shanhu Tungsten Tin Mine

当前,对于矿区尾矿氟污染源的研究,还未引起人们重视。本文以珊瑚钨锡矿区为例,对其尾矿进行地质-地球化学研究,初步探明尾矿源氟污染的成因机制。珊瑚矿尾矿属于碳酸盐岩型,通过对尾矿剖面特征分析可知,其分为氧化层、次氧化层和未氧化层,上部氧化层的矿物蚀变强烈,种类较多、较复杂;下部未氧化层则以机械破碎为主,风化氧化程度较低。通过测试分析可知,氟元素基本以稳定的残余态形式存在,部分以相对稳定的有机态形式存在,其中最活跃的离子可交换态和水溶态的含量很少,对周边环境存在重大污染隐患。

At present, the research on fluorine pollution sources of mine tailings has not drawn much attention. In this paper, the Shanhu tungsten-tin mining area, for example, geology-geochemistry of its tailings, preliminary exploration of the genetic mechanism of tailings fluoride pollution. Shanhu mine tailings belong to the carbonate rock type. According to the analysis of tailings profile, it is divided into oxide layer, sub-oxide layer and non-oxide layer. The minerals in the upper oxide layer are strongly altered with more and more complex types. The lower part of the unoxidized layer is mainly mechanical crushing, and the degree of weathering and oxidation is lower. According to the test and analysis, the fluorine element basically exists in the form of stable residual state and partly exists in the relatively stable organic form, in which the most active ion exchangeable state and water-soluble content are very few and there is a serious pollution hazard to the surrounding environment.