基于家庭结构类型的城市老年人休闲行为与感知差异分析——以苏州市为例

An Analysis of the Difference among the Urban Elderly in Leisure Behavior and Perception Based on Different Types of Family Structure—— A Case Study of Suzhou

休闲活动成为当代城市老年人满足其晚年生理和心理双重需求的重要手段,研究不同家庭结构类型的老年人休闲行为差异,对探索城市老年人休闲行为规律具有重要意义。通过问卷调查法分析苏州市城市老年人休闲行为与感知的差异。结果表明:4种家庭结构中的老年人在休闲消费、休闲场地偏好、休闲活动选择、休闲伙伴、休闲动机和休闲感知等6个方面存在差异性;影响城市老年人对休闲活动的感知差异主要是基于子女和配偶与自身的依存性。针对不同家庭结构类型的老年人休闲行为规律与感知影响因素,从5个角度提出解决对策。

Leisure activity has been an important means to meet the physiological and psychological demands of the modern urban elderly. It＇s of great significance to analyze leisure behavior differences of the elderly from different types of family structure. The paper, by conducting a questionnaire, analyzes differences in leisure behavior and perception of senior citizens in Suzhou. The results show there exist differences in six aspects： leisure expenses, leisure site preferences, the choice of leisure activities, leisure partners, leisure motivation and leisure perception. The study also finds that their perception of leisure activities is mainly based on their dependence on their children or spouses. Finally, in view of the leisure behavior pattern of senior citizens from different types of family and the influencing factors of perception, the paper proposes some countermeasures from 5 angles.