基于扎根理论的为老服务社会组织领导者发展路径研究

Development path for leaders of social organizations for the aged based on the grounded theory

为老服务社会组织参与现代养老社会服务体系已成重要趋势。采用扎根理论方法从职业背景、创建的动机、能力特征和面临的管理挑战等方面建构为老服务社会组织领导发展路径的理论模型。基于多案例分析发现:为老服务社会组织领导者的职业背景与其创办社会组织有密切联系,之前的工作经历有助于其领导和管理社会组织;领导者创办社会组织的动机分为内在动机和外在动机,内在动机的影响更大;领导者的能力特征体现在岗位知识、素质能力、服务技能和募集资金等;领导者面临的挑战主要包括财务困难、人员困难和管理困难等方面。研究最后提出基于领导者发展特征的培育支持体系,包括组织培训、经费支持、法律保障等。

Social organizations play an important role in the social service system for the aged. This paper usesthe grounded theory to explore relevant problems and construct a theoretical model to study the development path for social organization leaders. A multi-case study has reached the following conclusions： the professional background of the leaders is closely related to their motivation for setting up organizations,and the previous work experience helps them manage social organizations. The leaders have both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for establishing social organizations,of which the former has greater impacts. Their abilities find expression in professional knowledge,qualities,service skills and the amount of raised funds. Their difficulties are related to financial,personnel and management problems. The paper finallyproposes a support system for training qualified leaders,including institutional training programs,financial support and legal protection.