家庭养老行为的示范效应研究

A study ofthe demonstration effects of family aged care

利用CHARLS2013年全国基线调查数据,以是否有孙辈及孙辈的数量等为自变量,以父辈的养老行为作为因变量,研究有未成年子女的情况下父辈是否会增加、改善自身的养老行为,以做出示范性表率,期待晚年得到好的照顾。Logistic模型分析结果表明,相比无子女家庭,有未成年子女的父母对祖辈的生活照顾、经济支持等养老行为显著增加,每增加一个子女,生活照顾概率增加24.67%,经济支持概率增加12.41%;父辈的文化程度与示范动机呈正相关性,受教育程度每增加一层级,生活照顾和经济支持的概率分别提高7.14%和9.09%;性别方面,女性在家庭养老中的作用有所提升,但提升并不显著。建议国家提倡"家"文化,积极推进"全面二孩"政策,大力实施老年人权益保障法,推动家庭养老和社区居家养老融合,促进家庭养老行为的可持续性发展。

Bases on the survey data of CHARLS2013 national baseline,this paper uses the number of the grandchildren as the independent variable andthe methods of aged care for parents as the dependent variable to study whether the parents with children will improve their aged care,which expects to reveal the truth and improve the future aged care. The logistic model analysis has showed that compared with childless parents,those with minor children provide better family care and economic support to their grandparents,that is,one more child will result in an increase of 24. 67% probability in aged acre while 12. 41% in economic support. The level of education and the demonstration of motivation have shown a positive correlation,that is,each additional education will lead to an increase of7. 14% probability in aged acre while 9. 09% in economic support. In terms of gender,the woman＇s role in the family aged care has improved,but not significantly. This paper suggests that the Central Government should actively promote the＂family＂culture and the＂two-children policy＂,vigorously implement the law on the protection of the rights and interests of the aged,and integrate family aged care with community aged care to promote the sustainable development of family aged care.