临床医学专业学位硕士研究生家庭因素对其社会适应能力的影响

Correlation between family factors and social adaptability of clinical professional postgraduates

目的 探讨在读临床医学专业硕士学位研究生家庭各因素对其社会适应能力的影响,为培养高社会适应能力的医务人员提供科学依据.方法 2016年9至11月,采用分层随机抽样的方法,对新疆某医学院校3个年级的210名临床医学专业硕士学位研究生进行调查,问卷内容包括基本情况、家庭因素及郑日昌教授修订的社会适应能力诊断问卷条目.利用SPSS 17.0对所得数据行t检验、方差分析及多重线性回归分析.结果 收回有效问卷201份,有效回收率95.71％.临床医学专业学位硕士研究生的社会适应能力平均值为（17.00±11.12）分,社会适应能力表现为一般.不同性别、年级及是否工作过的研究生的社会适应能力差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.家庭来源、离家年限及父亲/母亲学历不同的研究生的社会适应能力差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;来源于农村的研究生得分[（19.59±11.77）]高于城镇学生得分[（15.34±10.78）]及城市学生得分[（15.14±10.92）];离家10年以上研究生得分高于离家时间短于10年的研究生得分.多因素分析发现,性别、年级、母亲学历、家庭来源、离家年限及是否工作过,是影响该类研究生社会适应能力的主要因素.结论 家庭因素对临床医学专业学位硕士研究生社会适应能力有影响.因此,应从家庭环境因素干预出发,对社会适应能力欠佳的研究生进行特征性教育,以期提升医学生社会适应能力整体水平.

Objective To explore the influence of family factors on the social adaptability of post-graduate students in clinical medicine, and to provide scientific basis for training medical personnel with high social adaptability. Methods From September to November 2016, using stratified random sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the family environment and social adaptability of 210 clinical professional postgraduates from three grades of a medical college in Xinjiang, the question-naire included the basic situation, family factors and the revised diagnostic questionnaire of social adapt-ability of Professor Zheng Richang. T test, ANOVA and multiple linear regression were carried out by using SPSS 17.0 software package. Results 201 valid questionnaires were returned with an effective recovery rate of 95.71%. The average value of the social adaptability of 201 clinical postgraduates was （17.00±11.12）, so social adaptation ability of them was general. There were significant differences in the social adaptation ability of clinical professional master＇s degree between different genders, grades and working experience （P〈0.05）. The student was in difference family sources, length of life and father/mother master＇s degree had statistical significance difference in social adaptation ability （P〈0.05）. The score of graduate students from rural areas [（19.59±11.77）] was higher than that of urban students [（15.34±10.78）] and and city students （15.14±10.92）. The postgraduates who left their homes for more than 10 years scored higher than those whose departure time was less than 10 years. Multi factor analysis found that gender, grade, mother＇s educa-tion, family sources, the number of home years and whether the work had a major impact on the social adaptability of clinical professionals. Conclusion The family factors of postgraduates in clinical medicine have an influence on their social adjustment ability. From the perspective of family environment, we should carry out the characteristics of intervention education to the students with poor social adaptation ability, in order to constantly improve the level of social adaptability of medical students.