围生期新生儿不同血清型B族链球菌感染及其预防研究现状

Research status of different serum types of group B Streptococcus infection and prevention in perinatal neonates

B族链球菌(GBS)是引起围生期新生儿感染的重要病原体之一。围生期新生儿GBS感染率高,导致的患儿病死率亦较高。随着产程中预防性抗菌药物的应用,围生期新生儿GBS感染率下降明显,但目前围生期新生儿GBS感染率仅仅是处于平稳期。GBS感染共计分为10种血清型。笔者拟就GBS的生物学特性及其感染的流行病学特点、围生期新生儿不同血清型GBS感染特点及预防策略进行阐述,旨在加强临床医师对围生期新生儿不同血清型GBS感染的认识,为临床寻找更有效的围生期新生儿GBS感染预防或治疗策略,进一步降低围生期新生儿GBS感染率,同时降低抗菌药物使用率,提供理论依据。

Group B Streptococcus （GBS） is one of the important pathogens in the infection of perinatal neonates. GBS has higher rate of morbidity and mortality in GBS infection of perinatal neonates. With the application of prophylactic antibiotics during labor, the rate of GBS infection in perinatal neonates has significantly decreased, but the rate is currently in stable period. There are ten different serum types of GBS infection. We want to elaborate the characteristics of GBS infection of perinatal neonates from biological, epidemiological and different serum types, and prevention strategies of GBS infection, in order to enhance the knowledge of different serum types of GBS infection in neonatal for clinicians, to find more effective methods or strategies to further reduce the incidence of GBS infection of perinatal neonates, and provide a theoretical basis for decreasing the rate of treatment by antibiotics.