从传说到传奇——《古岳渎经》与唐代运河淮泗段的地域文化考论

From Oral Legend to Literal Legend:A Study on the Relationship of Gu Yue Du Jing and the Canal Regional Culture of Chuzhou in the Tang Dynasty

李公佐的传奇《古岳渎经》虽然在故事母题和叙事模式上对前代志怪有所借鉴,但其中的无支祁形象却是在唐代淮泗地区淮涡水神传说的基础上塑造的,中唐时期是无支祁传说的历史起点。唐代楚泗地区重神好祀的传统与地处淮河下游水患频繁的地理环境,为淮涡水神无支祁传说的滋生提供了文化土壤。同时,无支祁传说的滋生与流布,与淮河中下游的自然地理和运河交通具有天然的联系。李公佐长期任职江淮,且屡次取道楚州所在淮楚运河来往两京和东南地区,其经历中又与治水之人多有交集,这些特殊的经历使得与运河交通和治水相关的楚州无支祁传说引起了他的兴趣,最终创作出神奇的水怪传奇。

Although the story motif and narrative pattern of Li Gongzuo's Gu Yue Du Jing(古岳渎经)inherited from the former mystery stories,the Wuzhiqi image is shaped on the basis of oral legends at the Canal Regional of Chuzhou in Tang Dynasty.The Tang Dynasty is the historical starting point of oral legend of Wu Zhiqi.The superstition tradition and the frequently flooding geographical environment of Chuzhou provided the cultural soil for the breeding of the Wuzhiqi legend.The creation and dissemination of the legend has a natural connection with the physical geography and the canal traffic in the middle and lower reaches of the Huai River.Li Gongzuo served in Jianghuai Area for long,and repeatedly travelled by the way of the Canal to the two capitals and the southeast region.In his experiences,he had more connection with the officials who governed the Canal.These special experiences make it possible to create a literal magical monster legend on the basis of the oral legend of Wuzhiqi.